Quantum-Resistant Cryptography: Developing Encryption Against Quantum Attacks

Abstract

Quantum computing presents both extraordinary potential and a significant threat to modern cryptographic systems. As the computational power of quantum computers grows, so too does the risk of rendering traditional encryption methods—especially those relying on factorization and discrete logarithms—obsolete. Quantum-resistant cryptography, also known as post-quantum cryptography, aims to develop new cryptographic protocols that can resist the capabilities of quantum computers. This paper explores the advancements in quantum computing, the vulnerabilities it presents to existing cryptographic systems, and the development of quantum-resistant algorithms. We highlight leading approaches in lattice-based, hash-based, code-based, multivariate quadratic, and isogeny-based cryptography and discuss the challenges associated with transitioning to quantum-resistant encryption standards.